目錄前言一、核心功能設(shè)計UI設(shè)計排版布局手牌和出牌數(shù)據(jù)識別AI出牌方案輸出二、實現(xiàn)步驟1. UI設(shè)計排版布局2. 手牌和出牌數(shù)據(jù)識別3. AI出牌方案輸出三、出牌器用法1. 環(huán)境配置2. 坐標調(diào)整確認3. 運行測試前言

最近在網(wǎng)上看到一個有意思的開源項目，基于快手團隊開發(fā)的開源AI斗地主——DouZero做的一個“成熟”的AI，項目開源地址【https://github.com/tianqiraf/DouZero_For_HappyDouDiZhu – tianqiraf】。

今天我們就一起來學(xué)習(xí)下是如何制作一個基于DouZero的出牌器，看看AI是如何來幫助斗地主的！

一、核心功能設(shè)計

首先這款出牌器是基于DouZero開發(fā)的，核心是需要利用訓(xùn)練好的AI模型來幫住我們，給出最優(yōu)出牌方案。

其次關(guān)于出牌器，先要需要確認一個AI出牌角色，代表我們玩家自己。我們只要給這個AI輸入玩家手牌和三張底牌。確認好地主和農(nóng)民的各個角色，告訴它三個人對應(yīng)的關(guān)系，這樣就可以確定隊友和對手。

我們還要將每一輪其他兩人的出牌輸入，這樣出牌器就可以根據(jù)出牌數(shù)據(jù)，及時提供給我們最優(yōu)出牌決策，帶領(lǐng)我們?nèi)〉脛倮?/p>

那么如何獲取三者之間的關(guān)系呢？誰是地主？誰是農(nóng)民？是自己一人作戰(zhàn)還是農(nóng)民合作？自己玩家的手牌是什么？三張底牌是什么？這些也都需要在開局后確認好。

大致可以整理出要實現(xiàn)的核心功能如下：

UI設(shè)計排版布局 顯示三張底牌 顯示AI角色出牌數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)域，上家出牌數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)域，下家出牌數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)域，本局勝率區(qū)域 AI玩家手牌區(qū)域 AI出牌器開始停止手牌和出牌數(shù)據(jù)識別 游戲剛開始根據(jù)屏幕位置，截圖識別AI玩家手牌及三張底牌 確認三者之間的關(guān)系，識別地主和農(nóng)民角色，確認隊友及對手關(guān)系 識別每輪三位玩家依次出了什么牌，刷新顯示對應(yīng)區(qū)域AI出牌方案輸出 加載訓(xùn)練好的AI模型，初始化游戲環(huán)境 每輪出牌判斷，根據(jù)上家出牌數(shù)據(jù)給出最優(yōu)出牌決策 自動刷新玩家剩余手牌和本局勝率預(yù)測二、實現(xiàn)步驟1. UI設(shè)計排版布局

根據(jù)上述功能，首先考慮進行簡單的UI布局設(shè)計，使用的是pyqt5。核心設(shè)計代碼如下：

def setupUi(self, Form): Form.setObjectName('Form') Form.resize(440, 395) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setFamily('Arial') font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setItalic(False) font.setWeight(75) Form.setFont(font) self.WinRate = QtWidgets.QLabel(Form) self.WinRate.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(240, 180, 171, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(14) self.WinRate.setFont(font) self.WinRate.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter) self.WinRate.setObjectName('WinRate') self.InitCard = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form) self.InitCard.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 330, 121, 41)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setFamily('Arial') font.setPointSize(14) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.InitCard.setFont(font) self.InitCard.setStyleSheet('') self.InitCard.setObjectName('InitCard') self.UserHandCards = QtWidgets.QLabel(Form) self.UserHandCards.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 260, 421, 41)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(14) self.UserHandCards.setFont(font) self.UserHandCards.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter) self.UserHandCards.setObjectName('UserHandCards') self.LPlayer = QtWidgets.QFrame(Form) self.LPlayer.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 80, 201, 61)) self.LPlayer.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel) self.LPlayer.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised) self.LPlayer.setObjectName('LPlayer') self.LPlayedCard = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.LPlayer) self.LPlayedCard.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 201, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(14) self.LPlayedCard.setFont(font) self.LPlayedCard.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter) self.LPlayedCard.setObjectName('LPlayedCard') self.RPlayer = QtWidgets.QFrame(Form) self.RPlayer.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(230, 80, 201, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(16) self.RPlayer.setFont(font) self.RPlayer.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel) self.RPlayer.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised) self.RPlayer.setObjectName('RPlayer') self.RPlayedCard = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.RPlayer) self.RPlayedCard.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 201, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(14) self.RPlayedCard.setFont(font) self.RPlayedCard.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter) self.RPlayedCard.setObjectName('RPlayedCard') self.Player = QtWidgets.QFrame(Form) self.Player.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(40, 180, 171, 61)) self.Player.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QFrame.StyledPanel) self.Player.setFrameShadow(QtWidgets.QFrame.Raised) self.Player.setObjectName('Player') self.PredictedCard = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.Player) self.PredictedCard.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 171, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(14) self.PredictedCard.setFont(font) self.PredictedCard.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter) self.PredictedCard.setObjectName('PredictedCard') self.ThreeLandlordCards = QtWidgets.QLabel(Form) self.ThreeLandlordCards.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(140, 10, 161, 41)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(16) self.ThreeLandlordCards.setFont(font) self.ThreeLandlordCards.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter) self.ThreeLandlordCards.setObjectName('ThreeLandlordCards') self.Stop = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form) self.Stop.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(260, 330, 111, 41)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setFamily('Arial') font.setPointSize(14) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.Stop.setFont(font) self.Stop.setStyleSheet('') self.Stop.setObjectName('Stop') self.retranslateUi(Form) self.InitCard.clicked.connect(Form.init_cards) self.Stop.clicked.connect(Form.stop) QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)def retranslateUi(self, Form): _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate Form.setWindowTitle(_translate('Form', 'AI歡樂斗地主--Dragon少年')) self.WinRate.setText(_translate('Form', '勝率：--%')) self.InitCard.setText(_translate('Form', '開始')) self.UserHandCards.setText(_translate('Form', '手牌')) self.LPlayedCard.setText(_translate('Form', '上家出牌區(qū)域')) self.RPlayedCard.setText(_translate('Form', '下家出牌區(qū)域')) self.PredictedCard.setText(_translate('Form', 'AI出牌區(qū)域')) self.ThreeLandlordCards.setText(_translate('Form', '三張底牌')) self.Stop.setText(_translate('Form', '停止'))2. 手牌和出牌數(shù)據(jù)識別

接下來需要所有撲克牌的模板圖片與游戲屏幕特定區(qū)域的截圖進行對比，這樣才能獲取AI玩家手牌、底牌、每一輪出牌、三者關(guān)系（地主、地主上家、地主下家）。

識別AI玩家手牌及三張底牌：

我們可以截取游戲屏幕，根據(jù)固定位置來識別當前AI玩家的手牌和三張底牌。核心代碼如下：

# 牌檢測結(jié)果濾波def cards_filter(self, location, distance): if len(location) == 0:return 0 locList = [location[0][0]] count = 1 for e in location:flag = 1 # “是新的”標志for have in locList: if abs(e[0] - have) <= distance:flag = 0breakif flag: count += 1 locList.append(e[0]) return count# 獲取玩家AI手牌def find_my_cards(self, pos): user_hand_cards_real = '' img = pyautogui.screenshot(region=pos) for card in AllCards:result = pyautogui.locateAll(needleImage=’pics/m’ + card + ’.png’, haystackImage=img, confidence=self.MyConfidence)user_hand_cards_real += card[1] * self.cards_filter(list(result), self.MyFilter) return user_hand_cards_real# 獲取地主三張底牌def find_three_landlord_cards(self, pos): three_landlord_cards_real = '' img = pyautogui.screenshot(region=pos) img = img.resize((349, 168)) for card in AllCards:result = pyautogui.locateAll(needleImage=’pics/o’ + card + ’.png’, haystackImage=img, confidence=self.ThreeLandlordCardsConfidence)three_landlord_cards_real += card[1] * self.cards_filter(list(result), self.OtherFilter) return three_landlord_cards_real

效果如下所示：

地主、地主上家、地主下家：

同理我們可以根據(jù)游戲屏幕截圖，識別地主的圖標，確認地主角色。核心代碼如下：

# 查找地主角色def find_landlord(self, landlord_flag_pos): for pos in landlord_flag_pos:result = pyautogui.locateOnScreen(’pics/landlord_words.png’, region=pos, confidence=self.LandlordFlagConfidence)if result is not None: return landlord_flag_pos.index(pos) return None

這樣我們就可以得到玩家AI手牌，其他玩家手牌（預(yù)測），地主三張底牌，三者角色關(guān)系，出牌順序。核心代碼如下：

# 坐標self.MyHandCardsPos = (414, 804, 1041, 59) # AI玩家截圖區(qū)域self.LPlayedCardsPos = (530, 470, 380, 160) # 左側(cè)玩家截圖區(qū)域self.RPlayedCardsPos = (1010, 470, 380, 160) # 右側(cè)玩家截圖區(qū)域self.LandlordFlagPos = [(1320, 300, 110, 140), (320, 720, 110, 140), (500, 300, 110, 140)] # 地主標志截圖區(qū)域(右-我-左)self.ThreeLandlordCardsPos = (817, 36, 287, 136) # 地主底牌截圖區(qū)域，resize成349x168def init_cards(self): # 玩家手牌 self.user_hand_cards_real = '' self.user_hand_cards_env = [] # 其他玩家出牌 self.other_played_cards_real = '' self.other_played_cards_env = [] # 其他玩家手牌（整副牌減去玩家手牌，后續(xù)再減掉歷史出牌） self.other_hand_cards = [] # 三張底牌 self.three_landlord_cards_real = '' self.three_landlord_cards_env = [] # 玩家角色代碼：0-地主上家, 1-地主, 2-地主下家 self.user_position_code = None self.user_position = '' # 開局時三個玩家的手牌 self.card_play_data_list = {} # 出牌順序：0-玩家出牌, 1-玩家下家出牌, 2-玩家上家出牌 self.play_order = 0 self.env = None # 識別玩家手牌 self.user_hand_cards_real = self.find_my_cards(self.MyHandCardsPos) self.UserHandCards.setText(self.user_hand_cards_real) self.user_hand_cards_env = [RealCard2EnvCard[c] for c in list(self.user_hand_cards_real)] # 識別三張底牌 self.three_landlord_cards_real = self.find_three_landlord_cards(self.ThreeLandlordCardsPos) self.ThreeLandlordCards.setText('底牌：' + self.three_landlord_cards_real) self.three_landlord_cards_env = [RealCard2EnvCard[c] for c in list(self.three_landlord_cards_real)] # 識別玩家的角色 self.user_position_code = self.find_landlord(self.LandlordFlagPos) if self.user_position_code is None:items = ('地主上家', '地主', '地主下家')item, okPressed = QInputDialog.getItem(self, '選擇角色', '未識別到地主，請手動選擇角色:', items, 0, False)if okPressed and item: self.user_position_code = items.index(item)else: return self.user_position = [’landlord_up’, ’landlord’, ’landlord_down’][self.user_position_code] for player in self.Players:player.setStyleSheet(’background-color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0);’) self.Players[self.user_position_code].setStyleSheet(’background-color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.1);’) # 整副牌減去玩家手上的牌，就是其他人的手牌,再分配給另外兩個角色（如何分配對AI判斷沒有影響） for i in set(AllEnvCard):self.other_hand_cards.extend([i] * (AllEnvCard.count(i) - self.user_hand_cards_env.count(i))) self.card_play_data_list.update({’three_landlord_cards’: self.three_landlord_cards_env,[’landlord_up’, ’landlord’, ’landlord_down’][(self.user_position_code + 0) % 3]: self.user_hand_cards_env,[’landlord_up’, ’landlord’, ’landlord_down’][(self.user_position_code + 1) % 3]: self.other_hand_cards[0:17] if (self.user_position_code + 1) % 3 != 1 else self.other_hand_cards[17:],[’landlord_up’, ’landlord’, ’landlord_down’][(self.user_position_code + 2) % 3]: self.other_hand_cards[0:17] if (self.user_position_code + 1) % 3 == 1 else self.other_hand_cards[17:] }) print(self.card_play_data_list) # 生成手牌結(jié)束，校驗手牌數(shù)量 if len(self.card_play_data_list['three_landlord_cards']) != 3:QMessageBox.critical(self, '底牌識別出錯', '底牌必須是3張！', QMessageBox.Yes, QMessageBox.Yes)self.init_display()return if len(self.card_play_data_list['landlord_up']) != 17 or len(self.card_play_data_list['landlord_down']) != 17 or len(self.card_play_data_list['landlord']) != 20:QMessageBox.critical(self, '手牌識別出錯', '初始手牌數(shù)目有誤', QMessageBox.Yes, QMessageBox.Yes)self.init_display()return # 得到出牌順序 self.play_order = 0 if self.user_position == 'landlord' else 1 if self.user_position == 'landlord_up' else 2

效果如下：

3. AI出牌方案輸出

下面我們就需要用到DouZero開源的AI斗地主了。DouZero項目地址：https://github.com/kwai/DouZero。我們需要將該開源項目下載并導(dǎo)入項目中。

創(chuàng)建一個AI玩家角色，初始化游戲環(huán)境，加載模型，進行每輪的出牌判斷，控制一局游戲流程的進行和結(jié)束。核心代碼如下：

# 創(chuàng)建一個代表玩家的AIai_players = [0, 0]ai_players[0] = self.user_positionai_players[1] = DeepAgent(self.user_position, self.card_play_model_path_dict[self.user_position])# 初始化游戲環(huán)境self.env = GameEnv(ai_players)# 游戲開始self.start()def start(self): self.env.card_play_init(self.card_play_data_list) print('開始出牌n') while not self.env.game_over:# 玩家出牌時就通過智能體獲取action，否則通過識別獲取其他玩家出牌if self.play_order == 0: self.PredictedCard.setText('...') action_message = self.env.step(self.user_position) # 更新界面 self.UserHandCards.setText('手牌：' + str(’’.join([EnvCard2RealCard[c] for c in self.env.info_sets[self.user_position].player_hand_cards]))[::-1]) self.PredictedCard.setText(action_message['action'] if action_message['action'] else '不出') self.WinRate.setText('勝率：' + action_message['win_rate']) print('n手牌：', str(’’.join( [EnvCard2RealCard[c] for c in self.env.info_sets[self.user_position].player_hand_cards]))) print('出牌：', action_message['action'] if action_message['action'] else '不出', '， 勝率：', action_message['win_rate']) while self.have_white(self.RPlayedCardsPos) == 1 or pyautogui.locateOnScreen(’pics/pass.png’, region=self.RPlayedCardsPos, confidence=self.LandlordFlagConfidence):print('等待玩家出牌')self.counter.restart()while self.counter.elapsed() < 100: QtWidgets.QApplication.processEvents(QEventLoop.AllEvents, 50) self.play_order = 1elif self.play_order == 1: self.RPlayedCard.setText('...') pass_flag = None while self.have_white(self.RPlayedCardsPos) == 0 and not pyautogui.locateOnScreen(’pics/pass.png’, region=self.RPlayedCardsPos, confidence=self.LandlordFlagConfidence):print('等待下家出牌')self.counter.restart()while self.counter.elapsed() < 500: QtWidgets.QApplication.processEvents(QEventLoop.AllEvents, 50) self.counter.restart() while self.counter.elapsed() < 500:QtWidgets.QApplication.processEvents(QEventLoop.AllEvents, 50) # 不出 pass_flag = pyautogui.locateOnScreen(’pics/pass.png’, region=self.RPlayedCardsPos, confidence=self.LandlordFlagConfidence) # 未找到'不出' if pass_flag is None:# 識別下家出牌self.other_played_cards_real = self.find_other_cards(self.RPlayedCardsPos) # 找到'不出' else:self.other_played_cards_real = '' print('n下家出牌：', self.other_played_cards_real) self.other_played_cards_env = [RealCard2EnvCard[c] for c in list(self.other_played_cards_real)] self.env.step(self.user_position, self.other_played_cards_env) # 更新界面 self.RPlayedCard.setText(self.other_played_cards_real if self.other_played_cards_real else '不出') self.play_order = 2elif self.play_order == 2: self.LPlayedCard.setText('...') while self.have_white(self.LPlayedCardsPos) == 0 and not pyautogui.locateOnScreen(’pics/pass.png’,region=self.LPlayedCardsPos,confidence=self.LandlordFlagConfidence):print('等待上家出牌')self.counter.restart()while self.counter.elapsed() < 500: QtWidgets.QApplication.processEvents(QEventLoop.AllEvents, 50) self.counter.restart() while self.counter.elapsed() < 500:QtWidgets.QApplication.processEvents(QEventLoop.AllEvents, 50) # 不出 pass_flag = pyautogui.locateOnScreen(’pics/pass.png’, region=self.LPlayedCardsPos, confidence=self.LandlordFlagConfidence) # 未找到'不出' if pass_flag is None:# 識別上家出牌self.other_played_cards_real = self.find_other_cards(self.LPlayedCardsPos) # 找到'不出' else:self.other_played_cards_real = '' print('n上家出牌：', self.other_played_cards_real) self.other_played_cards_env = [RealCard2EnvCard[c] for c in list(self.other_played_cards_real)] self.env.step(self.user_position, self.other_played_cards_env) self.play_order = 0 # 更新界面 self.LPlayedCard.setText(self.other_played_cards_real if self.other_played_cards_real else '不出')else: passself.counter.restart()while self.counter.elapsed() < 100: QtWidgets.QApplication.processEvents(QEventLoop.AllEvents, 50) print('{}勝，本局結(jié)束!n'.format('農(nóng)民' if self.env.winner == 'farmer' else '地主')) QMessageBox.information(self, '本局結(jié)束', '{}勝！'.format('農(nóng)民' if self.env.winner == 'farmer' else '地主'), QMessageBox.Yes, QMessageBox.Yes) self.env.reset() self.init_display()

到這里，整個AI斗地主出牌流程基本已經(jīng)完成了。

三、出牌器用法

按照上述過程，這款A(yù)I出牌器已經(jīng)制作完成了。后面應(yīng)該如何使用呢？如果不想研究源碼，只想使用這款A(yù)I斗地主出牌器，驗證下效果，該怎么配置環(huán)境運行這個AI出牌器呢？下面就開始介紹。

1. 環(huán)境配置

首先我們需要安裝這些第三方庫，配置相關(guān)環(huán)境，如下所示：

torch==1.9.0GitPython==3.0.5gitdb2==2.0.6PyAutoGUI==0.9.50PyQt5==5.13.0PyQt5-sip==12.8.1Pillow>=5.2.0opencv-pythonrlcard2. 坐標調(diào)整確認

我們可以打開游戲界面，將游戲窗口模式下最大化運行，把AI出牌器程序窗口需要移至右下角，不能遮擋手牌、地主標志、底牌、歷史出牌這些關(guān)鍵位置。

其次我們要確認屏幕截圖獲取的各個區(qū)域是否正確。如果有問題需要進行區(qū)域位置坐標調(diào)整。

# 坐標self.MyHandCardsPos = (414, 804, 1041, 59) # 我的截圖區(qū)域self.LPlayedCardsPos = (530, 470, 380, 160) # 左邊截圖區(qū)域self.RPlayedCardsPos = (1010, 470, 380, 160) # 右邊截圖區(qū)域self.LandlordFlagPos = [(1320, 300, 110, 140), (320, 720, 110, 140), (500, 300, 110, 140)] # 地主標志截圖區(qū)域(右-我-左)self.ThreeLandlordCardsPos = (817, 36, 287, 136) # 地主底牌截圖區(qū)域，resize成349x168

3. 運行測試

當所有環(huán)境配置完成，各區(qū)域坐標位置確認無誤之后，下面我們就可以直接運行程序，測試效果啦~

首先我們運行AI出牌器程序，打開游戲界面，進入游戲。當玩家就位，手牌分發(fā)完畢，地主身份確認之后，我們就可以點擊畫面中開始按鈕，讓AI來幫助我們斗地主了。

基于這個DouZero項目做一個“成熟”的AI，項目開源地址【https://github.com/tianqiraf/DouZero_For_HappyDouDiZhu – tianqiraf】。

今天我們就到這里，明天繼續(xù)努力！

如果本篇博客有任何錯誤，請批評指教，不勝感激 ！

到此這篇關(guān)于我用Python做個AI出牌器斗地主把把贏的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Python自動出牌器內(nèi)容請搜索好吧啦網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持好吧啦網(wǎng)！