jpa是JavaEE定義的一種規(guī)范，常用的實現(xiàn)一般是Hibernate，而spring-data-jpa則是對jpa的又一層封裝，提供了更多便捷的方法。

這里不會深入講解spring-data-jpa的使用，只是講解怎么快速的整合使用，目的是幫助那些想學(xué)，但是在整合上老是翻車的同學(xué)

導(dǎo)入依賴

<dependency><groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId><artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency>

配置

spring: data: jpa: repositories: # 開啟jpa enabled: true bootstrap-mode: default jpa: # 數(shù)據(jù)庫方言 database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect open-in-view: false # 打印SQL show-sql: false properties: # 格式化輸出的SQL語句 hibernate.format_sql: false hibernate: # 自動建表策略 ddl-auto: update

這里忽略了數(shù)據(jù)源的配置

關(guān)于自動建表策略

# 枚舉值spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-autocreate不管表是否存在, 每次啟動都會重新建表(會導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)丟失)create-drop啟動的時候創(chuàng)建表, 程序退出(SessionFactory關(guān)閉)的時候刪除表none不進行任何操作update如果數(shù)據(jù)表不存在則創(chuàng)建, 在實體對象被修改后,下次啟動重新修改表結(jié)構(gòu)(不會刪除已經(jīng)存在的數(shù)據(jù))validate啟動的時候驗證數(shù)據(jù)表的結(jié)構(gòu),

相關(guān)的配置類

這里僅僅列出了部分常用的配置，如果需要了解所有的配置信息，可以參考配置類

JpaPropertiesSpringDataWebPropertiesHibernateProperties

相關(guān)配置的文檔docs.spring.io/spring-boot…

定義實體類User

import java.io.Serializable;import java.time.LocalDateTime;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.Enumerated;import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;import javax.persistence.GenerationType;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Index;import javax.persistence.Table;// 指定表名稱@Table(name = 'user', indexes = {// 定義索引@Index(columnList = 'account', unique = true) })// 標(biāo)識實體類@Entity// 設(shè)置表注釋@org.hibernate.annotations.Table(appliesTo = 'user', comment = '用戶')public class User implements Serializable {/** * */private static final long serialVersionUID = 4953012795378725917L;@Id // id 字段@Column(columnDefinition = 'INT(11) UNSIGNED COMMENT ’id’')@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) // 自增private Integer id;// 賬戶@Column(columnDefinition = 'VARCHAR(50) COMMENT ’登錄賬戶’', nullable = false)private String account;// 密碼@Column(columnDefinition = 'VARCHAR(255) COMMENT ’登錄密碼’', nullable = false)private String password;// 性別@Column(columnDefinition = 'TINYINT(1) COMMENT ’性別。0：男，1：女’', nullable = false)@Enumeratedprivate Gender gender;// 創(chuàng)建時間@Column(name = 'created_date', columnDefinition = 'timestamp DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ’創(chuàng)建時間’', nullable = false)private LocalDateTime createdDate;// 最后修改時間@Column(name = 'last_modified_date', columnDefinition = 'timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ’最后一次修改時間’')private LocalDateTime lastModifiedDate;// 記錄狀態(tài)@Column(columnDefinition = 'TINYINT(1) unsigned COMMENT ’是否啟用’', nullable = false)private Boolean enabled;public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getAccount() {return account;}public void setAccount(String account) {this.account = account;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public Gender getGender() {return gender;}public void setGender(Gender gender) {this.gender = gender;}public LocalDateTime getCreatedDate() {return createdDate;}public void setCreatedDate(LocalDateTime createdDate) {this.createdDate = createdDate;}public LocalDateTime getLastModifiedDate() {return lastModifiedDate;}public void setLastModifiedDate(LocalDateTime lastModifiedDate) {this.lastModifiedDate = lastModifiedDate;}public Boolean getEnabled() {return enabled;}public void setEnabled(Boolean enabled) {this.enabled = enabled;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return 'User [id=' + id + ', account=' + account + ', password=' + password + ', gender=' + gender+ ', createdDate=' + createdDate + ', lastModifiedDate=' + lastModifiedDate + ', enabled=' + enabled+ ']';}public static enum Gender {BOY, GIRL}}

Repository

抽象出BaseRepository

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;@NoRepositoryBean // 該接口不是一個Repository，不需要生成代理實現(xiàn)public interface BaseRepository <T, ID> extends JpaRepository<T, ID>, JpaSpecificationExecutor <T>// , QuerydslPredicateExecutor<T> 如果使用了QueryDSL還可以實現(xiàn)這個接口{}

定義 UserRepository

import io.springboot.jpa.entity.User;public interface UserRepository extends BaseRepository<User, Integer> {}

Service

抽象出 BaseService

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;public interface BaseService<T, ID> extends JpaRepository<T, ID>, JpaSpecificationExecutor <T>// , QuerydslPredicateExecutor<T> {}

抽象出 AbstractService

import java.util.List;import java.util.Optional;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.data.domain.Example;import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import io.springboot.jpa.repository.BaseRepository;public abstract class AbstractService<T, ID> implements BaseService <T, ID> {/** * 泛型注入 */@Autowiredprotected BaseRepository<T, ID> baseRepository;@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAll() {return this.baseRepository.findAll();}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAll(Sort sort) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(sort);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAllById(Iterable<ID> ids) {return this.baseRepository.findAllById(ids);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> List<S> saveAll(Iterable<S> entities) {return this.baseRepository.saveAll(entities);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void flush() {this.baseRepository.flush();}@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> S saveAndFlush(S entity) {return this.baseRepository.saveAndFlush(entity);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteInBatch(Iterable<T> entities) {this.baseRepository.deleteInBatch(entities);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteAllInBatch() {this.baseRepository.deleteAllInBatch();}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public T getOne(ID id) {return this.baseRepository.getOne(id);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> List<S> findAll(Example<S> example) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(example);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> List<S> findAll(Example<S> example, Sort sort) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(example, sort);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public Page<T> findAll(Pageable pageable) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(pageable);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> S save(S entity) {return this.baseRepository.save(entity);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public Optional<T> findById(ID id) {return this.baseRepository.findById(id);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public boolean existsById(ID id) {return this.baseRepository.existsById(id);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public long count() {return this.baseRepository.count();}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteById(ID id) {this.baseRepository.deleteById(id);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void delete(T entity) {this.baseRepository.delete(entity);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> entities) {this.baseRepository.deleteAll(entities);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteAll() {this.baseRepository.deleteAll();}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> Optional<S> findOne(Example<S> example) {return this.baseRepository.findOne(example);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> Page<S> findAll(Example<S> example, Pageable pageable) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(example, pageable);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> long count(Example<S> example) {return this.baseRepository.count(example);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> boolean exists(Example<S> example) {return this.baseRepository.exists(example);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public Optional<T> findOne(Specification<T> spec) {return this.baseRepository.findOne(spec);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(spec);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public Page<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec, Pageable pageable) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(spec, pageable);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec, Sort sort) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(spec, sort);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public long count(Specification<T> spec) {return this.baseRepository.count(spec);}}

定義 UserService

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import io.springboot.jpa.entity.User;@Servicepublic class UserService extends AbstractService<User, Integer> {}

添加注解驅(qū)動

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.domain.EntityScan;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;@SpringBootApplication@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = { 'io.springboot.jpa.repository' })@EntityScan(basePackages = { 'io.springboot.jpa.entity' })public class JpaApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(JpaApplication.class, args);}}

@EnableJpaRepositories指定repository所在的包@EntityScan指定entity所在的包

測試

import io.springboot.jpa.JpaApplication;import io.springboot.jpa.entity.User;import io.springboot.jpa.service.UserService;import java.time.LocalDateTime;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTest(classes = JpaApplication.class, webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)public class JpaApplicationTest {static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JpaApplicationTest.class);@AutowiredUserService userService;@Testpublic void test () {// 存儲User user = new User();user.setAccount('[email protected]');user.setPassword('123456');user.setGender(User.Gender.GIRL);user.setEnabled(Boolean.TRUE);user.setCreatedDate(LocalDateTime.now());this.userService.save(user);LOGGER.info('save success.....');// 檢索User results = this.userService.findById(user.getId()).orElseGet(null);LOGGER.info('query result={}', results);}}

自動創(chuàng)建的表

CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ’id’, `account` varchar(50) NOT NULL COMMENT ’登錄賬戶’, `created_date` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ’創(chuàng)建時間’, `enabled` tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT ’是否啟用’, `gender` tinyint(1) NOT NULL COMMENT ’性別。0：男，1：女’, `last_modified_date` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ’最后一次修改時間’, `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT ’登錄密碼’, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `UKdnq7r8jcmlft7l8l4j79l1h74` (`account`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT=’用戶’;

執(zhí)行的日志

Hibernate: insert into user (account, created_date, enabled, gender, last_modified_date, password) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)2020-06-23 17:57:36.264 INFO 7612 --- [ main] i.s.jpa.test.JpaApplicationTest : save success.....Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.account as account2_0_0_, user0_.created_date as created_3_0_0_, user0_.enabled as enabled4_0_0_, user0_.gender as gender5_0_0_, user0_.last_modified_date as last_mod6_0_0_, user0_.password as password7_0_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.id=?2020-06-23 17:57:36.303 INFO 7612 --- [ main] i.s.jpa.test.JpaApplicationTest : query result=User [id=1, [email protected], password=123456, gender=GIRL, createdDate=2020-06-23T17:57:36, lastModifiedDate=null, enabled=true]

總結(jié)

到此這篇關(guān)于SpringBoot整合spring-data-jpa的方法的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)SpringBoot整合spring-data-jpa內(nèi)容請搜索好吧啦網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持好吧啦網(wǎng)！