目錄1、安裝log4net插件2、配置web.config文件3、初始化log4net4、定義異常攔截器5、后臺線程輪詢異常隊(duì)列，將日志寫入到文件6、控制器中定義異常測試方法7、啟動程序測試action方法1、安裝log4net插件

新建Asp.net MVC4項(xiàng)目，并在Nuget控制臺輸入命令，或者直接搜索log4net在線安裝，安裝log4net

>Install-Package log4net -Version 2.0.15

2、配置web.config文件<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><!-- 有關(guān)如何配置 ASP.NET 應(yīng)用程序的詳細(xì)信息，請?jiān)L問 https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301880 --><configuration> <configSections> <section name='log4net' type='log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net'/> </configSections> <log4net> <root> <level value='ALL'></level> <appender-ref ref='SysAppender'></appender-ref> </root> <logger name='WebLogger'> <!--日志輸出級別限制，只有大于或等于DEBUG級別才記錄日志--> <level value='DEBUG'></level> </logger> <!--以滾動日志方式記錄日志--> <appender name='SysAppender' type='log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender,log4net'> <!--文件存放路徑，在項(xiàng)目根目錄App_Data下--> <param name='File' value='App_Data/'></param> <!--日志是否追加到文件--> <param name='AppendToFile' value='true'></param> <!--滾動日志文件按照日期風(fēng)格生成--> <param name='RollingStyle' value='Date'></param> <!--日志文件的命名規(guī)則--> <param name='DatePattern' value='&quot;Logs_&quot;yyyyMMdd&quot;.txt&quot;'></param> <!--日志名稱是否靜態(tài)--> <param name='StaticLogFileName' value='false'></param> <!--日志內(nèi)容的格式和布局--> <layout type='log4net.Layout.PatternLayout,log4net'><param name='ConversionPattern' value='%d [%t] %-5p %c - %m%n'></param><param name='Header' value='-------------------------header---------------------------'></param><param name='Footer' value='-------------------------footer---------------------------'></param> </layout> </appender> <!--按照控制臺輸出日志--> <appender name='ConsoleApp' type='log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender,log4net'> <layout type='log4net.Layout.PatternLayout,log4net'><param name='ConversionPattern' value='%d [%t] %-5p %c - %m%n'></param> </layout> </appender> </log4net> <appSettings> <add key='webpages:Version' value='3.0.0.0' /> <add key='webpages:Enabled' value='false' /> <add key='ClientValidationEnabled' value='true' /> <add key='UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled' value='true' /> </appSettings> <system.web> <compilation debug='true' targetFramework='4.6.1' /> <httpRuntime targetFramework='4.6.1' /> <httpModules> <add name='ApplicationInsightsWebTracking' type='Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web' /> </httpModules> </system.web> <runtime> <assemblyBinding xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1'> <dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name='Antlr3.Runtime' publicKeyToken='eb42632606e9261f' /><bindingRedirect oldVersion='0.0.0.0-3.5.0.2' newVersion='3.5.0.2' /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name='System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource' publicKeyToken='cc7b13ffcd2ddd51' /><bindingRedirect oldVersion='0.0.0.0-4.0.2.1' newVersion='4.0.2.1' /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name='Newtonsoft.Json' publicKeyToken='30ad4fe6b2a6aeed' /><bindingRedirect oldVersion='0.0.0.0-11.0.0.0' newVersion='11.0.0.0' /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name='System.Web.Optimization' publicKeyToken='31bf3856ad364e35' /><bindingRedirect oldVersion='1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0' newVersion='1.1.0.0' /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name='WebGrease' publicKeyToken='31bf3856ad364e35' /><bindingRedirect oldVersion='0.0.0.0-1.6.5135.21930' newVersion='1.6.5135.21930' /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name='System.Web.Helpers' publicKeyToken='31bf3856ad364e35' /><bindingRedirect oldVersion='1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0' newVersion='3.0.0.0' /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name='System.Web.WebPages' publicKeyToken='31bf3856ad364e35' /><bindingRedirect oldVersion='1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0' newVersion='3.0.0.0' /> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly><assemblyIdentity name='System.Web.Mvc' publicKeyToken='31bf3856ad364e35' /><bindingRedirect oldVersion='1.0.0.0-5.2.4.0' newVersion='5.2.4.0' /> </dependentAssembly> </assemblyBinding> </runtime> <system.webServer> <modules> <remove name='TelemetryCorrelationHttpModule' /> <add name='TelemetryCorrelationHttpModule' type='Microsoft.AspNet.TelemetryCorrelation.TelemetryCorrelationHttpModule, Microsoft.AspNet.TelemetryCorrelation' preCondition='integratedMode,managedHandler' /> <remove name='ApplicationInsightsWebTracking' /> <add name='ApplicationInsightsWebTracking' type='Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web' preCondition='managedHandler' /> </modules> <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration='false' /> </system.webServer> <system.codedom> <compilers> <compiler language='c#;cs;csharp' extension='.cs' type='Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' warningLevel='4' compilerOptions='/langversion:default /nowarn:1659;1699;1701' /> <compiler language='vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript' extension='.vb' type='Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' warningLevel='4' compilerOptions='/langversion:default /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\&quot;Web\&quot; /optionInfer+' /> </compilers> </system.codedom></configuration>

日志級別分類（從高到低）：OFF、FATAL、ERROR、WARN、INFO、DEBUG、ALL

3、初始化log4net

在Global.asax中初始化log4net配置

log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure();

4、定義異常攔截器

自定義異常攔截器，出現(xiàn)控制器action方法調(diào)用出現(xiàn)異常時(shí)，將異常信息統(tǒng)一加入到全局隊(duì)列中，避免日志寫入文件并發(fā)沖突。

public class MyErrorAttribute:HandleErrorAttribute {public static Queue<Exception> ExceptionQueue = new Queue<Exception>();public override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext){ ExceptionQueue.Enqueue(filterContext.Exception); base.OnException(filterContext);} }

將全局默認(rèn)異常處理器替換為自己定義的。

public class FilterConfig {public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters){ //filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());//默認(rèn)異常處理器 filters.Add(new MyErrorAttribute());//自定義異常處理器} }5、后臺線程輪詢異常隊(duì)列，將日志寫入到文件

啟動類Global.asax.cs文件中定義后臺線程，處理異常隊(duì)列中日志的輸出

//啟動后臺線程，周期性輪詢異常隊(duì)列，將異常輸出到文件 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(o => {while(true){ if(MyErrorAttribute.ExceptionQueue.Count>0) {Exception ex = MyErrorAttribute.ExceptionQueue.Dequeue();if(ex!=null){ ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger('testError'); log.Error(ex.ToString());}else{ Thread.Sleep(50);} } else {Thread.Sleep(50); }} });6、控制器中定義異常測試方法public ActionResult TestLog(){ int result = 0; int x = 1, y = 0; result = x / y; return View();}7、啟動程序測試action方法

查看項(xiàng)目根目錄App_Data，生成了日志文件Logs_20230520.txt

查看日志內(nèi)容

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