Android中網絡框架的簡單封裝

前言

Android作為一款主要應用在移動終端的操作系統，訪問網絡是必不可少的功能。訪問網絡，最基本的接口有：HttpUrlConnection,HttpClient，而在后續的發展中，出現了Volley，OkHttp，Retrofit等網絡封裝庫。由于各種原因，在實際的項目開發中，我們可能會需要在項目的版本迭代中，切換網絡框架。如果對于網絡框架沒有好的封裝，那么當需要切換網絡框架時，可能就會有大量的遷移工作要做。

封裝網絡框架

在架構設計中，面向接口和抽象，是解耦的一個重要原則。本文將基于這一原則，實現一個簡單的網絡框架封裝。

定義網絡訪問的接口

抽取出不同網絡框架的共同方法，定義成接口方法。

public interface IHttpLoader { /** * GET方式請求 * * @param url * @param params * @param callback */ void get(String url, Map<String, Object> params, IHttpCallback callback); /** * POST方式請求 * * @param url * @param params * @param callback */ void post(String url, Map<String, Object> params, IHttpCallback callback);}

定義網絡訪問的Callback

public interface IHttpCallback { /** * 成功時的回調 * * @param result */ void onSuccess(String result); /** * 失敗時的回調 * * @param msg */ void onFailed(String msg);}

定義具體的接口實現類

分別對具體的網絡框架進行接口實現，這里以Volley和OkHttp為例

Volley的實現類

public class VolleyHttpLoader implements IHttpLoader { private static RequestQueue mRequestQueue; public VolleyHttpLoader(Context context) { mRequestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(context); } @Override public void get(String url, Map<String, Object> params, final IHttpCallback callback) { StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Request.Method.GET, url,new Response.Listener<String>() { @Override public void onResponse(String s) { callback.onSuccess(s); }}, new Response.ErrorListener() { @Override public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError volleyError) {callback.onFailed(volleyError.toString()); } }); mRequestQueue.add(request); } @Override public void post(String url, Map<String, Object> params, final IHttpCallback callback) { StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, url,new Response.Listener<String>() { @Override public void onResponse(String s) { callback.onSuccess(s); }}, new Response.ErrorListener() { @Override public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError volleyError) {callback.onFailed(volleyError.toString()); } }); mRequestQueue.add(request); }}

OkHttp的實現類

public class OkHttpLoader implements IHttpLoader { private static OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient; public OkHttpLoader() { mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient(); } @Override public void get(String url, Map<String, Object> params, final IHttpCallback callback) { Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build(); mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull IOException e) {callback.onFailed(e.toString()); } @Override public void onResponse(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull Response response) throws IOException {if (response.isSuccessful()) { String result = response.body().string(); callback.onSuccess(result);} else { callback.onFailed(response.message());} } }); } @Override public void post(String url, Map<String, Object> params, final IHttpCallback callback) { RequestBody requestBody = appendBody(params); Request request = new Request.Builder().post(requestBody).url(url).build(); mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull IOException e) {callback.onFailed(e.toString()); } @Override public void onResponse(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull Response response) throws IOException {if (response.isSuccessful()) { String result = response.body().string(); callback.onSuccess(result);} else { callback.onFailed(response.message());} } }); } private RequestBody appendBody(Map<String, Object> params) { FormBody.Builder body = new FormBody.Builder(); if (params == null || params.isEmpty()) { return body.build(); } for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) { body.add(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString()); } return body.build(); }}

定義Callback的實現

public abstract class HttpCallback<Result> implements IHttpCallback { @Override public void onSuccess(String result) { Gson gson = new Gson(); Class<?> clazz = analysisClazzInfo(this); Result resultObj = (Result) gson.fromJson(result, clazz); onSuccess(resultObj); } /** * 成功時的回調 * * @param result */ public abstract void onSuccess(Result result); private Class<?> analysisClazzInfo(Object object) { Type genType = object.getClass().getGenericSuperclass(); Type[] params = ((ParameterizedType) genType).getActualTypeArguments(); return (Class<?>) params[0]; }}

返回的數據Bean

public class Data { private int errorCode; private String errorMsg; private List<DataBean> data; public int getErrorCode() { return errorCode; } public void setErrorCode(int errorCode) { this.errorCode = errorCode; } public String getErrorMsg() { return errorMsg; } public void setErrorMsg(String errorMsg) { this.errorMsg = errorMsg; } public List<DataBean> getData() { return data; } public void setData(List<DataBean> data) { this.data = data; } public static class DataBean { private int courseId; private int id; private String name; private int order; private int parentChapterId; private boolean userControlSetTop; private int visible; private List<?> children; public int getCourseId() { return courseId; } public void setCourseId(int courseId) { this.courseId = courseId; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getOrder() { return order; } public void setOrder(int order) { this.order = order; } public int getParentChapterId() { return parentChapterId; } public void setParentChapterId(int parentChapterId) { this.parentChapterId = parentChapterId; } public boolean isUserControlSetTop() { return userControlSetTop; } public void setUserControlSetTop(boolean userControlSetTop) { this.userControlSetTop = userControlSetTop; } public int getVisible() { return visible; } public void setVisible(int visible) { this.visible = visible; } public List<?> getChildren() { return children; } public void setChildren(List<?> children) { this.children = children; } @Override public String toString() { return 'DataBean{' + 'courseId=' + courseId + ', id=' + id + ', name=’' + name + ’’’ + ', order=' + order + ', parentChapterId=' + parentChapterId + ', userControlSetTop=' + userControlSetTop + ', visible=' + visible + ', children=' + children + ’}’; } } @Override public String toString() { return 'Data{' +'errorCode=' + errorCode +', errorMsg=’' + errorMsg + ’’’ +', data=' + data +’}’; }}

定義統一管理類

public class HttpHelper implements IHttpLoader { private static IHttpLoader mHttpLoader; private HttpHelper() { } public static void init(IHttpLoader httpLoader) { mHttpLoader = httpLoader; } public static HttpHelper obtain() { return HttpHelperHolder.INSTANCE; } static class HttpHelperHolder { private static HttpHelper INSTANCE = new HttpHelper(); } @Override public void get(String url, Map<String, Object> params, IHttpCallback callback) { mHttpLoader.get(url, params, callback); } @Override public void post(String url, Map<String, Object> params, IHttpCallback callback) { mHttpLoader.post(url, params, callback); }}

在Application中初始化

定義一個繼承自Application的類，在onCreate方法中初始化網絡訪問

public class App extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate();// HttpHelper.init(new OkHttpLoader()); HttpHelper.init(new VolleyHttpLoader(this)); }}

后續如果需要切換網絡框架，只需要在這里修改就可以了。

應用

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private static final String URL_HTTP = 'https://www.wanandroid.com/wxarticle/chapters/json'; private ImageView mIv; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mTv = findViewById(R.id.tv); findViewById(R.id.btn_get).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) {HttpHelper.obtain().get(URL_HTTP, null, new HttpCallback<Data>() { @Override public void onFailed(final String msg) { runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() {mTv.setText(msg); } }); } @Override public void onSuccess(final Data data) { runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() {mTv.setText(data.toString()); } }); }}); } }); }}

結束

這里介紹的，其實只是一個封裝的思路?；谶@個思路，還可以封裝常用的圖片訪問庫等?？梢宰杂赏卣埂?/p>

源碼地址：https://github.com/milovetingting/Samples/tree/master/Loader

到此這篇關于Android中網絡框架簡單封裝的實例方法的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關Android中網絡框架的簡單封裝內容請搜索好吧啦網以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持好吧啦網！