Java實現簡易生產者消費者模型過程解析
一、概述
一共兩個線程,一個線程生產產品,一個線程消費產品,使用同步代碼塊方法,同步兩個線程。當產品沒有時,通知生產者生產,生產者生產后,通知消費者消費,并等待消費者消費完。
需要注意的是,有可能出現,停止生產產品后,消費者還沒未來得及消費生產者生產的最后一個產品,就結束消費,導致最后一個產品沒有被消費。
本例使用synchronize以及wait()、notify()實現簡易版的線程者消費者模型。
二、測試用例
這里的產品用筆來演示,每只筆都有其編號code
一共有四個類:分別是生產者類,產品類,消費者類,測試類
產品
package test.exception.producer_consumer_model;/*假設為產品為筆 */public class Production { private String type = ''; private String color = ''; private long code = 0; // 產品編號 private boolean isProduced = false; // 是否生產完成 初始狀態為未生產狀態 private boolean isContinueProduce = true; // 是否停產該產品 public void setContinueProduce(boolean continueProduce) { isContinueProduce = continueProduce; } public void setCode(long code) { this.code = code; } public Production(){ } public boolean isContinueProduce() { return isContinueProduce; } public void setType(String type) { this.type = type; } public void setColor(String color) { this.color = color; } public void setProduced(boolean produced) { isProduced = produced; } public boolean isProduced() { return isProduced; } @Override public String toString() { return color + type + '-' + code; }}
生產者
package test.exception.producer_consumer_model;public class Producer implements Runnable { private final Production pen; // 產品 public Producer(Production pen) { this.pen = pen; } // 生產 public void produce() { long code = 0; while (this.pen.isContinueProduce()) { synchronized (this.pen) {if (this.pen.isProduced()) { try { this.pen.wait(); // 等待消費者消費 } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}// 開始生產this.pen.setType('鉛筆');this.pen.setColor('藍色');this.pen.setCode(code++);this.pen.setProduced(true);System.out.println(this.pen + ' is produced');this.pen.notify(); } } System.out.println('finish producing'); } @Override public void run() { produce(); }}
消費者
package test.exception.producer_consumer_model;public class Consumer implements Runnable { private final Production pen; public Consumer(Production pen) { this.pen = pen; } // 持續消費 public void consumer() { while (this.pen.isContinueProduce()) { synchronized (this.pen) {if (!this.pen.isProduced()) { try { this.pen.wait(); // 等待生產者生產 } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}System.out.println(this.pen + ' is consumed'); // 使用this.pen.setProduced(false); // 使用完后更新狀態this.pen.notify(); } } // 確保停止生產后,能夠使用最后生產的一支筆 if (this.pen.isProduced()) { System.out.println(this.pen + ' is consumed'); } System.out.println('finish using'); } @Override public void run() { consumer(); }}
主線程測試
package test.exception.producer_consumer_model;public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { Production pen = new Production(); Consumer consumer = new Consumer(pen); Producer producer = new Producer(pen); new Thread(producer).start(); // 開啟生產者線程 new Thread(consumer).start(); // 開啟消費者線程 Thread.sleep(10000); pen.setContinueProduce(false); // 10s后停止生產該類型的筆 }}
運行結果
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